![]() Before planting soil testing is recommended. Plant your trees as soon as the soil can be worked in the spring or from mid-to-late September into fall. In addition, because the bacterium can infect over 75. Fire blight is one of the most destructive orchard diseases of apples and pears. Pears are mostly self-sterile and require a pollenizer. Fire Blight fact sheet Fire blight, caused by the bacterium Erwinia amylovora, is found to some extent almost every year in New Hampshire and other major apple and pear growing regions of the United States. ![]() Large vigorous tree fruit is medium-to-large with little russeting. Large, upright tree with very large, russeted fruit that stores well. Vigorous, spreading tree with very sweet, russeted fruit. Must be kept in cold storage for one month prior to eating.ĭescription - most have good to excellent resistance to fire blight. Pollen is sterile must be grown with two other cultivars. Medium-sized fruits of excellent quality. Hardier and earlier, but very similar to Bartlett.įirm fruit with cream-colored flesh very similar to Seckel.Ĭan be nearly “tree-ripened.” Very sweet, small fruits. Medium-to-large, dull green fruits with a pink blush. Bartlett, Bosc, Comice, Anjou, and Clapp's Favorite are all fire blight susceptible. Selecting pear varietiesĮuropean pear cultivars -Listed in order of ripening.ĭescription - All listed cultivars have fire blight resistance. They are botanically grouped with apples and are collectively called 'pome fruits'. In Uncommon Fruits for Every Garden, Lee Reich said, Although the genes of Asian pears are dispersed in hybrids, the fruits themselves still are relatively unknown outside Asia. Pears share many cultural similarities and pest problems with apples. Asian pears have been in America for about 200 years, first used as ornamentals and later to hybridize with European pears for fire blight resistance. Genetic material of Gem will be deposited in the National Plant Germplasm System, where it will be available for research purposes, including development of new cultivars.As long as you are committed to the attention to detail and pest management that the crop requires, pears are excellent candidates for backyard growers. For more information, contact Bell at with virus-free and phytoplasm-free certification will be available from the Clean Plant Center of the Northwest at Washington State University, Prosser. Trees of Gem are not available yet, and budwood is limited. It has been tested at Oregon State University, Washington State University, Clemson University, and Michigan State University. The variety is precocious, bearing fruit three years after planting, and produces high yields, according to the USDA. The flavor is sweet to subacid and mildly aromatic. It can be harvested over an extended period. In West Virginia, Gem blooms about a day before Bartlett and harvest begins about a week after Bartlett. He tested it extensively at the Appalachian Fruit Research Station in West Virginia, where he is pear breeder. It was selected in 1981 from the USDA’s seedling orchard at Beltsville, Maryland, by Dr. Gem originated from a cross of Sheldon and US62563-004 made in 1970. It does not russet under dry growing conditions, and only occasionally in humid conditions. ![]() The skin can have up to 35 percent red blush. Fire blight may also exhibit an amber-colored ooze (which is heavy with bacteria) from the bark of the tree. Fire blight infection was accountable for the dead of the Bartlett trees used as a control in our experiment. Blossoms will turn brown, wilt, and die about 1-2 weeks after infection occurs. Shinko fruit is reportedly medium to large (14-20 oz.) with a brown to golden brown russet. The Asian variety Shinko is fire blight resistant Kikusui and Ya Li are somewhat less so. These areas may appear black, shrunken, and cracked. Watch for and protect secondary blossoms during the three weeks after petal fall, which is the most common time of fire blight infection. The pear is medium sized with light green skin that turns to yellow when ripe. The name 'fire blight' comes from the scorched appearance of the infected leaves, stems, and bark. Department of Agriculture’s breeding program, was officially released this spring. ![]() Gem, a new fire blight-resistant pear variety from the U.S. The bacteria are usually spread from the cankers by insects and by wind-blown rain. The bacteria commonly overwinter in cankers (sunken diseased areas) on the tree, which produce a sticky exudate in early spring (Figure 1). Gem is a new fireblight resistant pear tends not to russet. Fire blight is a bacterial disease affecting apple, crabapple, pear, hawthorn, pyracantha (firethorn) and related species.
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